Within the framework of standards and legal requirements, fire protection systems for buildings are designed in accordance with building-specific fire scenarios. Fire scenarios are developed under the following main headings.
• Fire Detection System
• Fire Alarm System
• Gas Control (Natural Gas Installation …)
• Fire Suppression Systems
• Smoke Control System
• Escape and Evacuation System
• Controls and Monitoring
• Earthquake Control
Among these, fire suppression systems and smoke control are the main subjects of mechanical engineering.
In fire installations, the NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) standards, which are widely used in our country, and European standards are applied.
Fire suppression systems can be divided into two main categories.
Water-Based Fire Suppression Systems: The main extinguishing equipment used in the system includes fire hose cabinets and sprinklers. A sprinkler is a spray head that activates when a certain temperature is reached. Water-based fire suppression systems are divided into two types: dry pipe and wet pipe systems.
In the dry pipe system, there is a dry alarm valve at the system inlet. The system is filled with compressed air. When a sprinkler or fire hose cabinet is activated, the air pressure in the system drops. When the air pressure falls below a certain level, the dry alarm valve opens and allows water into the system. It is generally used in areas with a risk of freezing.
In the wet pipe system, there is a wet alarm valve at the system inlet. Pressurized water is constantly present in the system. When the water pressure drops, the wet alarm valve opens and activates its connected gong alarm.
Gas Fire Suppression Systems: Gas fire suppression systems are used in areas where water damage would be critical, such as data centers and archive rooms. In the event of a fire, the room is rapidly filled with FM-200 or NOVEC gas. By removing the oxygen required for combustion from the environment, the fire is extinguished.